Day: June 4, 2019

Image illustrating the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) in network communication.
CCNA June 4, 2019

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

The source host uses Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) to determine the destination MAC address. Although the destination MAC address can be a unicast, broadcast, or multicast, the source MAC address must always be unicast. Every device with an IP address on a network also has an Ethernet MAC address. When a device sends an Ethernet […]
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Diagram illustrating unicast, multicast, and broadcast addresses in network communication.
CCNA June 4, 2019

Mastering Unicast, Multicast, and Broadcast Addresses in 2025

In Ethernet, Multicast, and Broadcast Addresses always describe a group of recipients. However, the unicast explains communication where data is sent from one point to another. Unicast Address A unicast address means a packet has been sent from a single source to a specific destination. All Ethernet and IP networks support unicast transmission. A unicast […]
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Diagram illustrating the structure and function of a MAC address
CCNA June 4, 2019

Understanding MAC Addresses: Structure, Importance, and How to Find Them in 2025

A media access control address, or a device’s MAC address, is a worldwide unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller. It is also known as “hardware address” or “physical address” and is very important for communication within network segments. Most IEEE 802 network technologies, including Ethernet, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth, use a Media Access Control address for within-network […]
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Diagram illustrating the structure and fields of an Ethernet frame.
CCNA June 4, 2019

Ethernet Frame Structure: A Guide to IEEE 802.3 in 2025

In 2025, the Ethernet frame structure, defined by IEEE 802.3, is the backbone of wired and wireless networking, enabling reliable data transfer in everything from smart homes to data centers. This guide explores the components of an Ethernet frame, their roles, and their relevance in modern networks like 400GbE and IoT. Overview of Ethernet Frame […]
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