Author: Asad Ijaz

NetworkUstad's lead networking architect with CCIE certification. Specializes in CCNA exam preparation and enterprise network design. Authored 2,800+ technical guides on Cisco systems, BGP routing, and network security protocols since 2018. Picture this: I'm not just someone who writes about tech; I'm a certified expert in the field. I proudly hold the titles of Cisco Certified Network Professional (CCNP) and Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA). So, when I talk about networking, I'm not just whistling in the dark; I know my stuff! My website is like a treasure trove of knowledge. You'll find a plethora of articles and tutorials covering a wide range of topics related to networking and cybersecurity. It's not just a website; it's a learning hub for anyone who's eager to dive into the world of bits, bytes, and secure connections. And here's a fun fact: I'm not a lone wolf in this journey. I'm a proud member and Editor of Team NetworkUstad. Together, we're on a mission to empower people with the knowledge they need to navigate the digital landscape safely and effectively. So, if you're ready to embark on a tech-savvy adventure, stick around with me, Asad Ijaz Khattak. We're going to unravel the mysteries of technology, one article at a time!"

Illustration of different types of network connecting devices worldwide.
CCNA April 27, 2025

Networking Essentials: Spotlight on the 6 Types of Network

We can characterize 6 types of networks with the size of the area covered, the number of users connected, the number and types of services available, and the area of responsibility. The most important and famous kinds of networks are: Local Area Network (LAN) It is the first and most important part of networks. It...
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What is a Network? Network diagram showing multiple hosts connected through hubs and switches.
CCNA April 26, 2025

What is a Network? – Exclusive Definitions

Before starting Cisco Internetworking, the network introduction is important for the networking student to be aware of “what a network is” and “what network is importance themselves”. So, first of all, what is a network? In simple words, It is a collection of interconnected devices (such as computers, printers, etc.) in such a way that they...
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Comparison of a Cisco switch and router side by side.
CCNA April 25, 2025

Comparing Switch and Router: A Comprehensive Guide

The Switch and Router comparison is most important because both are the backbone devices in computer networking. So, I am comparing Switches and Routers for networking students. If someone understands the Switch and Router comparison, he can easily manage a network. Definition of Router A router is a Layer 3 (Network Layer) device that forwards data packets between distinct...
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component
CCNA April 25, 2025

3 Basic Network Component – Exclusive explanation

Any network infrastructure contains three components: devices, Media, and Services. Moving data from source to destination can be as simple as connecting one device to another. Note:- At the end of this article, the assessment test is waiting for you about the Basic network Components Devices and media are the physical network components, also known...
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viruses
Cyber Security April 25, 2025

20 Most Destructive Viruses History in the World

A computer virus is a program, script, or macro created to harm a computer, steal private information, change data, send e-mail, and display messages. More importantly, when the viruses were executed, they spread bycopying itself into or over the following:- Virus writers use detailed knowledge of security vulnerabilities to gain access to a host’s computer. When was the...
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Illustration of peer-to-peer communication with smartphones, a map, and interconnected user icons.
Networking April 24, 2025

The Evolution of Peer-to-Peer Communication in the Digital Age

Peer-to-peer communication has changed the way people share, connect, and collaborate. It removes the need for central authorities. Users speak directly with each other. Over the past decades, peer-to-peer, or P2P, has evolved from basic data exchange to complex, real-time systems. It has shaped messaging, file sharing, online conferencing, and more. This article comprehensively and...
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Diagram illustrating IPv6 multicast address structure and usage
CCNA April 21, 2025

IPv6 Multicast Addresses Explained: Structure, Types, Examples, and Use Cases

I have already written about IPv6 multicast addresses in my previous article. IPv6 multicast addresses work similarly to IPv4 multicast addresses. IPv6-enabled devices can join and listen for multicast traffic on an IPv6 multicast address. Multicasting is one of the powerful features of IPv6 addresses, which enables one-to-many communication, optimizing bandwidth for applications like video...
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Screenshot of IPv6 address configuration window on a laptop screen, showing options for automatic and manual setup.
CCNA April 20, 2025

Global IPv6 Unicast Addresses Configuration

Configuring global IPv6 addresses can feel difficult, but don’t worry—you are at the right place, and we will guide you step by step. Whether you’re a beginner setting up your first IPv6 network or a pro looking to refine your skills, this guide covers everything. We’ll break down the three main methods—manual configuration, Stateless Address...
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Diagram illustrating the exchange of Router Advertisement (RA) and Router Solicitation (RS) messages between a router and a PC.
CCNA April 19, 2025

Router Advertisement (RA) Messages

Router Advertisement (RA) messages are a cornerstone of IPv6 networking, allowing routers to broadcast their presence and share critical configuration details with devices on the network. This guide provides an in-depth exploration of RA messages, their structure, and their role in IPv6 networks—perfect for network professionals and enthusiasts aiming to master IPv6 configuration. What Are...
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Person cleaning a modern living room with a mop and cleaning supplies
April 19, 2025

Top House Cleaning Topics People Are Searching for in Ireland

In recent years, the demand for professional cleaning services in Ireland has grown rapidly. As more people juggle busy work schedules, family life, and the occasional home renovation project, it’s no surprise that homeowners and renters alike are looking for smart, time-saving cleaning solutions. But what exactly are they searching for? Here are some of...
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