What is a Coriolis Flow Meter, and How Does it Work?

If you work in flow measurement, you may have heard of a Coriolis flow meter. It is a flow meter commonly used in industrial applications to measure the flow rate of liquids and gasses. 

This article will explain what a Coriolis flow meter is, how it works, and why it is important.

Flow measurement is essential in many industrial processes, and various types of flow meters are available in the market. Coriolis flow meters are one such type that has gained popularity due to their accuracy and reliability. This article will explain the principle of operation of a Coriolis flow meter, its advantages, applications, factors to consider when selecting one, and how to install and maintain it.

What is a Coriolis Flow Meter?

A Coriolis flow meter is a device that measures the mass flow rate of a fluid. It consists of two vibrating tubes for redundancy.  The fluid flows through each tube, causing it to twist and vibrate at a frequency proportional to the fluid’s mass flow rate. The degree of twist and vibration is measured by sensors, which then calculate the mass flow rate of the fluid. Coriolis flow meters can measure the flow rate of both liquids and gasses.

The principle of operation for a Coriolis Flow Meter

The principle of operation for a Coriolis flow meter is based on the Coriolis effect, first described by French mathematician Gaspard-Gustave de Coriolis in 1835. The Coriolis effect is an apparent deflection of moving objects when they are viewed from a rotating reference frame. This effect is used in a Coriolis flow meter to measure the mass flow rate of a fluid.

A Coriolis flow meter consists of a curved shaped tube that is vibrated at a specific frequency. When a fluid flows through the tubes, it experiences a Coriolis force due to its vibration. This force causes the tube to twist and bend, measured by sensors attached to the tube. The degree of twist and bend is proportional to the fluid’s mass flow rate, which the sensor can calculate.

Advantages of Coriolis Flow Meters

Coriolis flow meters have several advantages over other types of flow meters. Some of these advantages are:

• High accuracy: Coriolis flow meters can measure flow rates with high accuracy, typically within 0.1% to 0.5% of the actual flow rate.
• Direct mass flow measurement: Coriolis flow meters measure mass flow directly, eliminating the need for temperature and pressure compensation.
• Wide range of applications: Coriolis flow meters can be used to measure the flow rate of both liquids and gasses, and they can handle a wide range of flow rates.
• No moving parts in contact with fluid: Coriolis flow meters have no moving parts in contact with the fluid, which reduces the risk of contamination.
• Low maintenance: Coriolis flow meters require little to no maintenance, which reduces downtime and maintenance costs.

Applications of Coriolis Flow Meters

Coriolis flow meters are used in various industrial applications that require accurate and reliable flow measurements. Some of these applications include:

• Chemical processing: Coriolis flow meters are used in the chemical industry to measure the flow rate of various chemicals, including acids, bases, and solvents.
• Food and beverage processing: Coriolis flow meters are used in the food and beverage industry to measure the flow rate of liquids, such as milk, juice, and syrup.
• Oil and gas production: Coriolis flow meters are used in the oil and gas industry to measure the flow rate of oil, gas, and other fluids.
• Pharmaceutical manufacturing: Coriolis flow meters are used in the pharmaceutical industry to measure the flow rate of various liquids and gasses used in the manufacturing process.
• Custody transfer – buying and selling fluids

Factors to consider when selecting a Coriolis Flow Meter

When selecting a Coriolis flow meter, several factors must be considered to ensure accurate and reliable flow measurement. Some of these factors include:

• Flow range: Coriolis flow meters have a specific flow range, and selecting a flow meter that can handle the required flow rate is essential.
• Fluid properties: The properties of the fluid being measured, such as viscosity and density, can affect the accuracy of the flow meter. Selecting a flow meter that can handle the specific properties of the fluid being measured is essential.
• Process conditions: The process conditions, such as temperature and pressure, can affect the accuracy and reliability of the flow meter. Selecting a flow meter that can handle specific process conditions is essential.
• Installation requirements: Coriolis flow meters have specific installation requirements, and it is essential to ensure that the installation requirements can be met.

How to install and maintain a Coriolis Flow Meter

Proper installation and maintenance are essential for ensuring accurate and reliable flow measurement with a Coriolis flow meter. Some installation and maintenance tips include:

• Ensure proper grounding: Coriolis flow meters require proper grounding to prevent electrical interference that can affect the accuracy of the flow measurement.
• Follow installation guidelines: Coriolis flow meters have specific installation requirements, and it is essential to follow the manufacturer’s guidelines to ensure accurate and reliable flow measurements.
• Regular calibration: Coriolis flow meters require regular calibration to ensure accurate flow measurement. It is essential to follow the manufacturer’s recommended calibration schedule.
• Regular cleaning: Coriolis flow meters require regular cleaning to prevent buildup that can affect the accuracy of the flow measurement.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Coriolis flow meters are essential for accurate and reliable flow measurements in various industrial applications. The principle of operation of a Coriolis flow meter is based on the Coriolis effect, which allows for direct mass flow measurement with high accuracy. When selecting a Coriolis flow meter, it is essential to consider various factors, including the flow range, fluid properties, process conditions, and installation requirements. Proper installation and maintenance are essential for ensuring accurate and reliable flow measurement with a Coriolis flow meter.

FAQs

How accurate are Coriolis flow meters?

Coriolis flow meters can accurately measure flow rates, typically within 0.1% to 0.5% of the actual flow rate.

Can Coriolis flow meters measure the flow rate of gasses?

Yes, Coriolis flow meters can measure the flow rate of both liquids and gasses.  However there is a limit to low density and pressures.

Do Coriolis flow meters require temperature and pressure compensation?

No, Coriolis flow meters measure mass flow directly, eliminating the need for temperature and pressure compensation.