Author: Asad Ijaz

NetworkUstad's lead networking architect with CCIE certification. Specializes in CCNA exam preparation and enterprise network design. Authored 2,800+ technical guides on Cisco systems, BGP routing, and network security protocols since 2018. Picture this: I'm not just someone who writes about tech; I'm a certified expert in the field. I proudly hold the titles of Cisco Certified Network Professional (CCNP) and Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA). So, when I talk about networking, I'm not just whistling in the dark; I know my stuff! My website is like a treasure trove of knowledge. You'll find a plethora of articles and tutorials covering a wide range of topics related to networking and cybersecurity. It's not just a website; it's a learning hub for anyone who's eager to dive into the world of bits, bytes, and secure connections. And here's a fun fact: I'm not a lone wolf in this journey. I'm a proud member and Editor of Team NetworkUstad. Together, we're on a mission to empower people with the knowledge they need to navigate the digital landscape safely and effectively. So, if you're ready to embark on a tech-savvy adventure, stick around with me, Asad Ijaz Khattak. We're going to unravel the mysteries of technology, one article at a time!"
Microsoft Excel May 4, 2020

What is Excel Formula?

Microsoft Excel is one of the important family members of Microsoft office. It is in industry-standard software for data analysis. Bankers and financial analysts also use Microsoft Excel for data processing, calculations and presentation. The excel formula is a difficult task for the users of this software.  There are two ways to perform data processing […]
Asad Ijaz Read More
کلمہ شہادت
May 4, 2020

کلمہ شہادت -اسلامیات ایف جی کلاس ششم

سوال نمبر ٣ – درج ذیل سوالات کے مختصر جوابات تحریر کرے. ١. ارکان اسلام سے کیا مراد ہیں؟ جواب – ارکان اسلام سے مراد دین اسلام کے وہ بنیادی اصول اور اعمال ہیں جن پر اسلام کی پوری عمارت قائم ہے. ٢ – ارکان اسلام کی تعداد اور نام بیان کرے. جواب – ارکان […]
Asad Ijaz Read More
توحید
May 2, 2020

اسلامیات – مشق برائے سبق توحید

سوال نمبر 3 – درج ذیل سوالات کے مختصر جواب تحریر کریں سوال ۔ عقیدہ توحید کا مفہوم لکھیں۔ جواب – توحید عربی زبان کا لفظ ہے جس کے لغوی معنی ایک ماننا ، یکتا جاننا ہے۔ شریعت ۔ کے اصطلاح میں توحید سے مراد اللہ تعالیٰ کو ایک ماننا ،یکتا جاننا ہے سوال – […]
Asad Ijaz Read More
CCNA May 1, 2020

Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) Components – Exclusive Defination

A layered architecture is a logical model that aids communication between interconnecting layers. We can map the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) layer model with the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model. Both Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) and OSI models share the same physical layer although the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) distributes the functions of Link Control Protocol (LCP) and […]
Asad Ijaz Read More
PPP
CCNA April 26, 2020

PPP Overview

PPP is WAN encapsulation protocol that was built in the 1990s. It is an open standard protocol so the protocol can be used with all vendors. Point to Point Protocol can work with Synchronous serial connection, Asynchronous serial connection, High-Speed Serial Interfaces (HSSI), ISDN interfaces (BRI and PRI) telephone lines, trunk lines, cellular telephones, specialized […]
Asad Ijaz Read More
CCNA April 18, 2020

HDLC Encapsulation Protocol

Earlier in the previous article, I have discussed that HDLC is the default encapsulation protocol type on point-to-point connections, dedicated links, and circuit-switched links when the link uses two Cisco devices. It is a synchronous Data Link layer bit-oriented protocol originally developed from the Synchronous Data Link Protocol (SDLC) and became standardized by ISO as […]
Asad Ijaz Read More
CCNA April 12, 2020

WAN Encapsulation Protocols

The network layer passes the data to the data link layer for transmission over the physical layer. The Data Link layer creates frames by adding the necessary checks and controls around the Network layer data. The encapsulation on a router serial interface must be configured to guarantee the correct encapsulation method is used. Different WAN […]
Asad Ijaz Read More
CCNA April 4, 2020

Serial Cable

Serial cable is used to interconnect DTEs and DCEs. The DCEs are data communication equipment that generates or receives data, and the DCEs are data communication equipment that only relays data. There are two types of cables: one for connecting a DTE to a DCE and another for connecting two DTEs directly. The DTE/DCE interface […]
Asad Ijaz Read More
Diagram illustrating Statistical Time-Division Multiplexing with multiple input channels A, B, C entering and exiting through MUX devices.
CCNA March 26, 2020

Statistical Time-Division Multiplexing (STDM)

Statistical time-division multiplexing (STDM) shares a communication like TDM, but like the TDM, the time slots are not allocated to any channel. In the case of TDM, time slots are allocated to channels and reserved even if there is no data to send.  This allocation is just a waste of bandwidth, and Statistical time-division multiplexing […]
Asad Ijaz Read More
CCNA March 25, 2020

Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)

Multiplexing is a technique that allows multiple logical signals to share a single physical channel. The two common types of multiplexing are time-division multiplexing (TDM) and statistical time-division multiplexing (STDM). In this article, I am going to discuss the time-division multiplexing. Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) transmits more than one streaming digital signal over a common […]
Asad Ijaz Read More
Forum