Author: Asad Ijaz

NetworkUstad's lead networking architect with CCIE certification. Specializes in CCNA exam preparation and enterprise network design. Authored 2,800+ technical guides on Cisco systems, BGP routing, and network security protocols since 2018. Picture this: I'm not just someone who writes about tech; I'm a certified expert in the field. I proudly hold the titles of Cisco Certified Network Professional (CCNP) and Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA). So, when I talk about networking, I'm not just whistling in the dark; I know my stuff! My website is like a treasure trove of knowledge. You'll find a plethora of articles and tutorials covering a wide range of topics related to networking and cybersecurity. It's not just a website; it's a learning hub for anyone who's eager to dive into the world of bits, bytes, and secure connections. And here's a fun fact: I'm not a lone wolf in this journey. I'm a proud member and Editor of Team NetworkUstad. Together, we're on a mission to empower people with the knowledge they need to navigate the digital landscape safely and effectively. So, if you're ready to embark on a tech-savvy adventure, stick around with me, Asad Ijaz Khattak. We're going to unravel the mysteries of technology, one article at a time!"
Network diagram of Rapid PVST+ on Cisco switches showing per-VLAN root bridges and instances for VLANs 1, 2, and 3.
CCNA October 30, 2019

Master How to Configure Spanning-Tree Mode – Rapid PVST+ (Updated 2025)

As a cornerstone of Layer 2 redundancy in Cisco networks, Rapid Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus (Rapid PVST+) is essential for CCNA 200-301 exam candidates and CCNP ENCOR professionals alike. This guide walks you through configuration, labs, troubleshooting, and best practices to master “how to configure Rapid PVST+ on Cisco Catalyst switch CCNA lab” scenarios. Whether […]
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CCNA October 29, 2019

What is PVST+ Load Balancing? – Exclusive Explanation

Network load balancing is the technique to manage traffic across a network without the use of complex routing protocols such as BGP. Network Load Balancing divide load across multiple links, which use the network resources more efficiently and avoid network overload. Load balancing may be accomplished through software or hardware. Now, look at the topology […]
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Network diagram showing spanning tree configuration with bridge IDs and VLANs
CCNA October 28, 2019

How to Configure PortFast and BPDU Guard—Explained

Updated November 26, 2025 – This guide covers PortFast and BPDU Guard configurations for CCNA (200-301) and CCNP (ENARSI) exams, including labs, best practices, and RSTP integrations. Ideal for students asking, “What is PortFast and how do I enable it on a Cisco switch for CCNA?” The switch port directly connected to an end station […]
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Network diagram showing spanning tree configuration with bridge IDs and VLANs
CCNA October 27, 2019

How to Configure Spanning-Tree Bridge ID – Briefly Explained

When configuring a specific switch as a root bridge, the bridge ID priority value must be adjusted to be lower than the bridge priority values of all the other switches on the network. There are two different methods for configuring the bridge priority value on a Cisco Catalyst switch. Method 1 To ensure the switch […]
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CCNA October 26, 2019

What is RSTP and Rapid PVST+: Exclusive Details

RSTP- IEEE 802.1w is the advanced version of STP, providing faster convergence than CST but holding with the same single root bridge in the topology. Most parameters in RSTP are the same as STP, so users who understand STP can effortlessly configure the RSTP. Rapid PVST+ is Cisco’s proprietary implementation of RSTP that operates on […]
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