Author: Asad Ijaz

NetworkUstad's lead networking architect with CCIE certification. Specializes in CCNA exam preparation and enterprise network design. Authored 2,800+ technical guides on Cisco systems, BGP routing, and network security protocols since 2018. Picture this: I'm not just someone who writes about tech; I'm a certified expert in the field. I proudly hold the titles of Cisco Certified Network Professional (CCNP) and Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA). So, when I talk about networking, I'm not just whistling in the dark; I know my stuff! My website is like a treasure trove of knowledge. You'll find a plethora of articles and tutorials covering a wide range of topics related to networking and cybersecurity. It's not just a website; it's a learning hub for anyone who's eager to dive into the world of bits, bytes, and secure connections. And here's a fun fact: I'm not a lone wolf in this journey. I'm a proud member and Editor of Team NetworkUstad. Together, we're on a mission to empower people with the knowledge they need to navigate the digital landscape safely and effectively. So, if you're ready to embark on a tech-savvy adventure, stick around with me, Asad Ijaz Khattak. We're going to unravel the mysteries of technology, one article at a time!"
Network diagram showing spanning tree configuration with bridge IDs and VLANs
CCNA October 28, 2019

How to Configure PortFast and BPDU Guard—Explained

Updated November 26, 2025 – This guide covers PortFast and BPDU Guard configurations for CCNA (200-301) and CCNP (ENARSI) exams, including labs, best practices, and RSTP integrations. Ideal for students asking, “What is PortFast and how do I enable it on a Cisco switch for CCNA?” The switch port directly connected to an end station […]
Asad Ijaz Read More
Network diagram showing spanning tree configuration with bridge IDs and VLANs
CCNA October 27, 2019

How to Configure Spanning-Tree Bridge ID – Briefly Explained

When configuring a specific switch as a root bridge, the bridge ID priority value must be adjusted to be lower than the bridge priority values of all the other switches on the network. There are two different methods for configuring the bridge priority value on a Cisco Catalyst switch. Method 1 To ensure the switch […]
Asad Ijaz Read More
CCNA October 26, 2019

What is RSTP and Rapid PVST+: Exclusive Details

RSTP- IEEE 802.1w is the advanced version of STP, providing faster convergence than CST but holding with the same single root bridge in the topology. Most parameters in RSTP are the same as STP, so users who understand STP can effortlessly configure the RSTP. Rapid PVST+ is Cisco’s proprietary implementation of RSTP that operates on […]
Asad Ijaz Read More
CCNA October 17, 2019

Spanning Tree – Port Roles

IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) and Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) use the Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) to decide which switch ports on a network must be put in a blocking state to prevent loops. The Spanning Tree Algorithm designates one switch in the network as the root bridge. The root bridge is considered […]
Asad Ijaz Read More
Forum