data dictionary Archives

Introduction and Exclusive Explanation of OSPF Operation

If the router interface is configured with OSPF, the router must determine if another OSPF neighbor is on the link. To do this, the router forwards a Hello packet containing its router ID to all OSPF-enabled interfaces as multicast. The Open Shortest Path First process uses the router ID to recognize every router individually in… Read more

Data Frame Forwarding: Master Efficient Network Switching Techniques (Updated 2025)

By Asad Ijaz

Ethernet switching is a cornerstone of modern networking, enabling efficient data transfer in local area networks (LANs). For CCNA and CCNP students, understanding switching methods like store-and-forward and cut-through is critical for designing and troubleshooting networks. This article explores the evolution from Ethernet bridges to advanced LAN switches, focusing on frame forwarding techniques, their characteristics,

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