Month: August 2019
Static Routing vs Dynamic Routing – Complete Explanation
Routing is the process of selecting paths in a network along which to send network traffic. It forms the backbone of all data communication in IP networks, enabling devices to exchange data across different networks. Routers, the critical devices in this process, forward packets based on the destination IP address, learning about remote networks through...
What is Switch Virtual Interface (SVI) – Everything to Know
Switch Virtual Interfaces (SVIs) are a cornerstone of modern enterprise networking, enabling efficient inter-VLAN routing on multilayer switches. This guide, designed for CCNA and CCNP students, explores the evolution of Layer 2 and Layer 3 switching, SVI configuration, verification, troubleshooting, and real-world applications. Whether you’re preparing for certification exams or deploying networks, this article provides...
Unlock Layer 3 Switches Mastery: Essential Cisco Guide for CCNA and CCNP Success in 2025
In the world of networking, understanding the OSI model’s Layer 3 is crucial for anyone preparing for CCNA (200-301) or CCNP Enterprise. This layer, known as the Network layer, handles logical addressing using protocols like IP and is responsible for packet forwarding between different networks, including path determination and routing through intermediate devices like routers....
Troubleshooting Inter-VLAN Issues – Briefly Explained
If you are using a legacy Inter-VLAN routing, ensure that the switch ports connecting to the router interface are configured in the correct VLAN. This is a very common issue with a switch port and requires troubleshooting. If a switch port is not configured to the correct VLAN, the devices on that VLAN cannot communicate...
Verifying Inter-VLAN Routing Using Ping and Tracert Commands
Inter-VLAN routing enables communication between devices on different VLANs, a critical concept. Verifying host-to-host connectivity ensures proper configuration and operation of inter-VLAN routing. This article explores the ping and tracert utilities, essential tools for network engineers to test connectivity and troubleshoot issues. When configuring the Inter-VLAN routing, we must verify the host-to-host connectivity and data...
Router-on-Stick Inter-VLAN Routing – Exclusive Explanation
In a previous lesson, legacy inter-VLAN routing requires multiple physical interfaces on the router and the switch. However, in the ‘Router-on-stick’ configuration, only one physical interface is needed on both sides. The Router-on-a-stick allows routing packets to subnets associated with VLANs connected to a router 802.1Q trunk. The Router-on-Stick uses a VLAN trunking configuration and...
Master Legacy Inter-VLAN Routing (Updated 2025)
As we learned, each VLAN usually works on its own subnet. The network switches mainly work at layer 2 of the OSI model, so they do not examine the logical addresses. Therefore, for traffic between VLANs, inter-VLAN routing is required. The Legacy Inter-VLAN routing is the first solution for traffic between different VLANs. It relies...
What is Dynamic Routing Algorithms (Updated 2025)
Dynamic routing is a networking technique that provides optimal data routing. The network administrators and engineers configure a dynamic routing protocol on the network interfaces. The protocol running on the router learns about other routers automatically and also dynamically exchanges routing information with other routers. Dynamic routing protocols perform several activities, including network discovery and...
Master How to configure Static Route – IPv4 and IPv6 (Updated 2025)
We can configure static or dynamic routes after configuring directly connected interfaces. Static routes are manually configured and provide a clear path between two networking devices. However, they must be manually reconfigured if the network topology changes, which is the main disadvantage of static routes. It is more secure and efficient than dynamic routes. It...
What is a Routing Table -Explained
Routing tables are the backbone of IP networking, guiding routers in forwarding data packets to their intended destinations efficiently. For CCNA and CCNP students, mastering routing tables is essential, as they form a core component of Cisco certification exams and real-world network administration. A routing table contains critical information about network paths, including directly connected...