Month: August 2019
CCNA August 13, 2019

Controlling Broadcast Domains – Unlock Powerful Network Efficiency Now! 2025 Guide

Network without VLANs Controlling Broadcast Domains is essential for optimizing network performance, especially in environments where broadcast traffic can overwhelm resources. In the default configuration, when a switch receives a broadcast frame on its ingress ports, it forwards the frame out all ports, excluding the port where the frame was received. Because the whole network […]
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Diagram illustrating VLANs across three floors with Sales, Management, and IT departments connected via switches Sw1, Sw2, and Sw3.
CCNA August 13, 2019

Master Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs)- Defeat Traffic Issues Effectively! 2025 Guide

Separation of the large broadcast domain into smaller ones improves network performance. By design, routers block broadcast traffic. But routers usually have a limited number of LAN interfaces. A router’s main role is to move data between different networks. Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) enhance network performance by segmenting large broadcast domains into smaller, manageable […]
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CCNA August 13, 2019

Data Frame Forwarding: Master Efficient Network Switching Techniques (Updated 2025)

Ethernet switching is a cornerstone of modern networking, enabling efficient data transfer in local area networks (LANs). For CCNA and CCNP students, understanding switching methods like store-and-forward and cut-through is critical for designing and troubleshooting networks. This article explores the evolution from Ethernet bridges to advanced LAN switches, focusing on frame forwarding techniques, their characteristics, […]
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Network diagram showing a switch with eight ports connected to various hosts. A broadcast envelope icon is positioned above the switch, and a MAC address table below lists seven destination MAC addresses with assigned ports.
CCNA August 12, 2019

Master Switching Concepts: Unlock Efficient Data Flow (Updated 2025)

This article clarifies switching concepts, a cornerstone of networking and telecommunications, used in LANs, WANs, and PSTN with Cisco switches. Switching and frame forwarding rely on ingress ports and destination MAC addresses, managed via the MAC address table (CAM table) on Cisco Catalyst switches. For CCNA and CCNP students, mastering these concepts is essential for […]
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A diagram illustrating the evolution from a flat network to a hierarchical network. The flat network shows a single layer with multiple interconnected devices, including computers, IP phones, and switches, leading to broadcast traffic issues. The hierarchical network is divided into three layers: Core Layer with high-speed switches, Distribution Layer with routing and switching devices, and Access Layer with computers and IP phones, reducing broadcast traffic and improving efficiency.
CCNA August 12, 2019

Master Switched Networks for CCNA/CCNP Success (Updated 2025)

A few years ago, flat Layer 2 switched networks, relying on Ethernet hubs and repeaters, were the standard for campus LANs, broadcasting traffic inefficiently. The shift to switched LANs, as shown in Figure 1, introduced hierarchical designs using Cisco Catalyst switches, enabling traffic management, scalability, and advanced features. For CCNA and CCNP students, understanding this […]
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Diagram of Cisco Borderless Network topology showing a three-tier hierarchical design with Core, Distribution, and Access layers. Includes Cisco Catalyst switches, IP Phone, PC, Cisco wireless AP, and Cisco DNA Center for management.
CCNA August 12, 2019

Master Cisco Borderless Networks (Updated 2025)

Cisco Borderless Networks enable secure, seamless connectivity for any user, device, or location, integrating wired and wireless access with advanced policy and performance management. Designed to address IT challenges like mobility, security, and scalability, this architecture leverages Cisco Catalyst switches, ISR routers, and tools like Cisco DNA Center. For CCNA and CCNP students, understanding Borderless […]
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Illustration of a converged enterprise network with Cisco devices connecting voice, video, and data endpoints across core, distribution, and access layers.
CCNA August 12, 2019

Master Converged Networks: Cisco Tools and Tips for Certification (Updated 2025)

A converged network integrates voice, video, and data traffic over a single, high-performance IP infrastructure, enabling efficient communication for modern businesses. Unlike traditional networks that rely on separate infrastructures for each service, a converged network leverages Layer 2 (e.g., Ethernet switches) and Layer 3 (e.g., routers) devices to streamline operations. For CCNA and CCNP students, […]
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Cisco router CLI output showing the result of the show ip interface brief command, displaying interface status and IP addresses.
CCNA August 12, 2019

Important Show Commands in Cisco IOs (Updated 2025)

The Show commands display important information about the device’s configuration and operation in Cisco IOs Command Line Interface (CLI) mode. Network administrators can use different show commands to check device status, interfaces, processes, and configuration files to confirm the device’s operational status. The network administrator can also view the router’s process and function and verify […]
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Screenshot of a command prompt showing a tracert command tracing the route to 192.168.1.1 over 30 hops, with responses from Router Peshawar (10.1.1.1), Router Kanak (10.2.2.2), and subsequent request timeouts.
CCNA August 12, 2019

Traceroute and Tracert – 2 Important command

Traceroute (or Tracert on Windows) is a diagnostic tool that maps the route of packets from a source to a destination using ICMP Echo Request packets. It displays each hop (router) along the path, helping network engineers troubleshoot connectivity issues. This guide is tailored for CCNA and CCNP students to master Traceroute for exams and […]
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CCNA August 11, 2019

Master Network Baseline (Updated 2025)

Do you know your standard network throughput volume and the types of traffic used in your network? You should require a network baseline if you don’t know the answers to the above questions. The network baseline is one of the most valuable tools for monitoring and troubleshooting network performance. For an influential network, a baseline […]
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