TCP conversation is an essential part of network traffic. So, before discussing ACLs in detail, it is necessary to discuss TCP conversation. The ACLs control traffic into and out of the network. Traffic control can be simple or complex. Simple traffic control only permits or denies network traffic based on network address, and complex traffic… Read more
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Figure 1 shows the reference topology to Configure OSPFv3. Figure 2 shows the commands for configuring OSPFv3 for IPv6 unicast and link-local addresses on the interfaces of Router1. As identified in the referenced topology, assume that Router2, Router3, and Router4 interfaces have already been configured with the global IPv6 and link-local addresses. None of the
Routers configured with dynamic routing protocols such as OSPF or EIGRP must send and receive routing protocol messages with their directly connected neighbors. The routers exchange messages between neighbors on the same subnet. These messages are always sent from the router’s source IPv4 address. Link-local IPv6 addresses are perfect for this purpose. The address also
What is a Link-Local IPv6 Address – Exclusive Introduction Read More »
OSPFv3 is routing protocol for IP version 6 Just like OSPFv2 is for IP version 4. There are several vital differences in the way the two protocols operate. It is the OSPFv2 equivalent for exchanging IPv6 prefixes. Remember that in IP version 6, the network address is referred to as the prefix, and the subnet
OSPF is one of the more complicated routing protocols, and it can be pretty threatening. Therefore, troubleshooting OSPF and verifying the configurations are very important. There are several ways of verifying and troubleshooting OSPF:- Verify OSPF Neighbors Figure 1 shows the reference topology for this lesson. We can show and verify the OSPF neighbor adjacency
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All interfaces have default bandwidth values assigned to them. When the default bandwidth is much higher than actual bandwidth it can cause misdirect traffic in the network. Maybe there was a better path with 50 Mbps but the routing protocol thought that this path had 100 Mbps available. The interface bandwidth values do not affect
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OSPF uses “Cost” as the value of the OSPF metric and uses a Reference Bandwidth of 100 Mbps for cost calculation. A lower cost indicates a better path than a higher cost. A routing protocol uses a metric to determine the best path of a packet across a network. An OSPF metric provides a sign
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OSPF messages are forwarded to all OSPF-enabled interfaces by default. However, some interfaces not needed these messages. When you configure the OSPF protocol on an interface using the network command, two things will occur: Router1, Router2, Router3 and Router4 has been configured with OSPF protocols. If we Rouer1, connected to network 192.168.10.0 /24 which has
OSPFv2 is a link-state routing protocol Introduced in 1991 for IPv4 as an alternative to Routing Information Protocol (RIP). Figure 1 is a reference topology for configuring OSPFv2. The routers in the topology have a starting configuration, including interface address and password configurations. None of the routers has static or dynamic routing configured. All routers