Category: CCNA

Cisco Certified Network Associate certification resources

Diagram illustrating port forwarding with traffic from public IP to private web server through a router, showing port numbers and NAT configuration pathways.
CCNA October 13, 2019

Introduction to Port Forwarding including Its Configuration – Exclusive Explanation (Updated 2025)

Port forwarding is a critical networking technique that allows external devices to access services on a private network by directing traffic from a public IP address and port to a specific internal IP and port. For CCNA and CCNP students, understanding port forwarding is essential for configuring routers, securing networks, and enabling services like web...
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CCNA October 13, 2019

How to Configure Port Address Translation (PAT)

Port Address Translation (PAT) is also known as NAT overload. Port Address Translation preserves addresses in the inside global address pool. Port Address Translation (PAT) allows the router to simultaneously use one inside global address for several inside local addresses. We can use a single public IPv4 address for hundreds, even thousands of internal private...
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CCNA October 12, 2019

How to Configure Dynamic NAT

Dynamic NAT maps inside local addresses to inside global addresses automatically. The inside global addresses are usually public IPv4 addresses. Dynamic NAT uses a pool of public IPv4 address or a group public IPv4 addresses for translation. Dynamic NAT also requires the configuration of the inside and outside interfaces participating in NAT like Static NAT....
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CCNA October 11, 2019

How to Configure Static NAT?

Static NAT maps inside and outside addresses one-to-one. It allows external devices to establish a session with internal devices using the statically assigned public address. For example, an internal web server is mapped to a specific inside global address. The figure below illustrates an inside network containing a web server with a private IPv4 address...
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CCNA October 10, 2019

NAT Advantages and Disadvantages

Before discussing the configuration of the NAT in this article we will discuss the NAT advantages and disadvantages. NAT Advantages Disadvantages of NAT With NAT advantages the NAT also some disadvantages. Because of the host on the Internet communicates directly with the NAT-enabled router in place of the actual host inside the private network. That...
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CCNA October 10, 2019

What are the Types of NAT Translation – Exclusive Explanation

There are three types of NAT translation. In this lesson, we will explore the types of NAT. The main types of NAT translations are Static address translation (static NAT), Dynamic address translation (dynamic NAT) and Port Address Translation (PAT). Static NAT Static NAT translation is also known as one to one NAT. Static NAT translation...
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CCNA October 9, 2019

NAT Terminology – Exclusive Explanation

As discussed before, That NAT translates Private IP addresses into public IP addresses. So in the process of translation, there are different operations involve and understanding each of them requires understanding NAT terminology. Therefore before understanding NAT in details, it is important to understand basic NAT terminology. In a NAT terminology, the inside network is...
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CCNA October 7, 2019

Network Address Translation (NAT) – Exclusive Introduction

All public IPv4 addresses must be registered with a Regional Internet Registry (RIR). The registered holder of a public Internet address can assign these addresses to a network device. There is a maximum of 4.3 billion IPv4 addresses available. Still, with the increase of personal computing and the beginning of the World Wide Web, it...
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CCNA October 6, 2019

How to Configure Stateful DHCPv6 Server

We can configure the stateful DHCPv6 server, similar to a stateless server. The difference between stateless and stateful is that a stateful server also includes IPv6 addressing information similar to a DHCPv4 server and obtains the state of the DHCP. Similar to stateless DHCPv6, we need to enable unicast routing. The command ipv6 unicast-routing enables...
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CCNA October 5, 2019

Stateless DHCPv6 Server Configuration

Before a stateless DHCPv6 server is configured on the Cisco router, it is important to enable IPv6 unicast routing. The unicast routing is not necessary for stateless DHCPv6 servers, but it is required for RA messages due to using of ICMPv6. In global configuration mode, we can enable the IPv6 unicast routing using the “ipv6...
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