Category: CCNA

Cisco Certified Network Associate certification resources

Diagram of Cisco Borderless Network topology showing a three-tier hierarchical design with Core, Distribution, and Access layers. Includes Cisco Catalyst switches, IP Phone, PC, Cisco wireless AP, and Cisco DNA Center for management.
CCNA August 12, 2019

Master Cisco Borderless Networks (Updated 2025)

Cisco Borderless Networks enable secure, seamless connectivity for any user, device, or location, integrating wired and wireless access with advanced policy and performance management. Designed to address IT challenges like mobility, security, and scalability, this architecture leverages Cisco Catalyst switches, ISR routers, and tools like Cisco DNA Center. For CCNA and CCNP students, understanding Borderless...
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Illustration of a converged enterprise network with Cisco devices connecting voice, video, and data endpoints across core, distribution, and access layers.
CCNA August 12, 2019

Master Converged Networks: Cisco Tools and Tips for Certification (Updated 2025)

A converged network integrates voice, video, and data traffic over a single, high-performance IP infrastructure, enabling efficient communication for modern businesses. Unlike traditional networks that rely on separate infrastructures for each service, a converged network leverages Layer 2 (e.g., Ethernet switches) and Layer 3 (e.g., routers) devices to streamline operations. For CCNA and CCNP students,...
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Cisco router CLI output showing the result of the show ip interface brief command, displaying interface status and IP addresses.
CCNA August 12, 2019

Important Show Commands in Cisco IOs (Updated 2025)

The Show commands display important information about the device’s configuration and operation in Cisco IOs Command Line Interface (CLI) mode. Network administrators can use different show commands to check device status, interfaces, processes, and configuration files to confirm the device’s operational status. The network administrator can also view the router’s process and function and verify...
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Screenshot of a command prompt showing a tracert command tracing the route to 192.168.1.1 over 30 hops, with responses from Router Peshawar (10.1.1.1), Router Kanak (10.2.2.2), and subsequent request timeouts.
CCNA August 12, 2019

Traceroute and Tracert – 2 Important command

Traceroute (or Tracert on Windows) is a diagnostic tool that maps the route of packets from a source to a destination using ICMP Echo Request packets. It displays each hop (router) along the path, helping network engineers troubleshoot connectivity issues. This guide is tailored for CCNA and CCNP students to master Traceroute for exams and...
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CCNA August 11, 2019

Master Network Baseline (Updated 2025)

Do you know your standard network throughput volume and the types of traffic used in your network? You should require a network baseline if you don’t know the answers to the above questions. The network baseline is one of the most valuable tools for monitoring and troubleshooting network performance. For an influential network, a baseline...
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A screenshot of a Cisco IOS Ping Simulator interface with buttons for Successful Ping, Timeout Ping, Unreachable, Loopback Test, and Extended Ping, along with a terminal prompt and ping indicators legend.
CCNA August 11, 2019

Understanding Ping Indicators and Ping Results in Cisco IOS (Updared 2025)

The ping command is a fundamental network troubleshooting tool that uses the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), as defined in RFC 792, to test connectivity between devices. It is essential for CCNA (ICND1, ICND2) and CCNP (ROUTE, SWITCH, TSHOOT) exam preparation, helping students verify Layer 3 connectivity by the ping results. This utility has evolved...
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CCNA August 11, 2019

Cisco Router File System – Exclusive Details (Updated 2025)

The Cisco IOS File System (IFS) has different directories, depending on the device. The IFS also allows the creation of subdirectories in flash memory or on a disk. The figure below displays the output of the show file system command, which lists all of the available file systems on the router. 📂 File System Entries...
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Network diagram showing Comcast Xfinity and AT&T Internet routers connected to a central router, server, and multiple computers for redundancy and traffic management.
CCNA August 10, 2019

Master Network Uptime with Powerful Redundancy Strategies For Small Network (Updated 2025)

Redundancy In a Small Network Redundancy is a critical factor in network design, ensuring reliability and minimizing costly downtime in a business. It eliminates single points of failure, enhancing small network resilience. There are several ways to achieve redundancy in a small network. Network redundancy can be achieved by installing standby and alternate network devices,...
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A visual diagram representing IP address planning for a small network. It shows segmented IP ranges assigned to servers (192.168.1.10–30), end devices like PCs and IP phones (192.168.1.100–200), intermediary devices such as routers and switches (192.168.1.50–70), and internet-accessible hosts (203.0.113.10). Each device group is enclosed in color-coded zones within the 192.168.1.0/24 subnet. Arrows indicate traffic flow across subnet boundaries.
CCNA August 10, 2019

Master IP Address Planning for Unbeatable Small Network Success (Updated 2025)

IP address planning is crucial for implementing a small network, ensuring all hosts have unique addresses. The network administrator must document the IP addressing scheme. The administrator should also maintain IP addresses based on the type of device to configure the addresses. The different types of devices that require IP addresses are:- Servers: Host critical...
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Diagram of small network topology with router, switch, servers, and connected devices.
CCNA August 9, 2019

Small Network Topologies – Exclusive Details (Updated 2025)

This guide is designed for network professionals using Windows (e.g., 10/11) or Linux (e.g., Ubuntu 22.04) systems. Network configuration can be managed via Command Prompt (cmd) on Windows or terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) on Linux, with tools like ipconfig (Windows) or ifconfig (Linux) for IP management. These OS platforms are essential for implementing...
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