Month: June 2019

Illustration of an Ethernet port with the text "Different Ethernet Standards" on a blue background.
CCNA June 3, 2019

Ethernet Standards: The Backbone of Modern Networking in 2025

In 2025, Ethernet standards remain the cornerstone of reliable, high-speed networking for homes, businesses, and data centers. From streaming 8K videos to powering smart cities, Ethernet’s balance of speed, affordability, and scalability makes it the go-to technology for wired networks. This guide explores Ethernet’s evolution, key standards, and how to choose the right one for […]
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Diagram illustrating framing in the data link layer, showing different types of frames used in network communication
CCNA June 2, 2019

Framing in Data Link Layer – Exclusive Explanation (Updated 2025)

Data-link layer framing is a critical process in networking, enabling reliable data transmission across diverse media. The data-link layer takes packets from the Network Layer and encapsulates them into frames, the fundamental data units for network communication. If the frame size becomes too large, the packet may be divided into smaller frames to ensure efficient […]
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Feature image for an article titled 'CARRIER SENSE MULTIPLE ACCESS (CSMA)' with a colorful patchwork border and the NetworkUstad logo in the bottom right corner.
CCNA June 2, 2019

Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA): Explained for 2025

Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) is a network protocol that listens for a carrier signal before transmitting data, reducing collisions on shared transmission media like Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks. By checking the state of the medium before sending, CSMA ensures efficient data transmission in networks with multiple devices. As part of the Media Access Control […]
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Diagram of a network topology being drawn on a laptop screen by a person, illustrating a star topology with multiple connected devices, set against a vibrant blue and orange background, with "NETWORK TOPOLOGY" text on the left side.
CCNA June 1, 2019

Understanding Network Topology: A Comprehensive Guide

Network topology defines the schematic arrangement of devices, nodes, and connections within a computer network. It determines how data flows between devices, impacting performance, scalability, and reliability. Broadly categorized into physical network topology (the tangible layout of cables and devices) and logical network topology (the virtual path of data flow), understanding these structures is crucial […]
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