CCNA
Cisco Certified Network Associate certification resources
Serial Port: How Serial Interfaces Work in Networking
A serial port allows a PC or network device to transmit or receive data one bit at a time over a single channel. Serial interfaces are the foundation of point-to-point WAN connections — the leased line links that connect remote sites across cities and countries. While USB has replaced serial ports on most PCs, serial...
VPN Technology
VPN is the abbreviation for a virtual private network. VPN technology creates a safe and encrypted connection over an unsecured network, such as the Internet. It extends a private network using a public network, such as the Internet. A virtual private network uses virtual connections known as VPN tunnels instead of a dedicated Layer 2...
Cellular Network: How Cellular WAN Technology Works
Cellular networks are a type of wireless WAN technology. They provide connectivity to users and remote locations where no other WAN access technologies are available. Millions of users rely on cellular networks daily to email, browse the web, download apps, stream video, and make voice calls from smartphones, tablets, laptops, and even routers equipped with...
Wireless internet
Wireless internet uses wireless connectivity via radio waves instead of wires on a personnel computer, laptop, smartphone etc. Initial wireless technologies lack the high speed of broadband internet connection e.g cable and DSL, but the latest wireless technologies cover the gap. Wireless Internet service providers (WISP) typically provide wireless internet services to home users and...
Cable Internet
Network and Internet Access through Cable TV is a type of broadband internet access that uses the resources of the television cable system. It provides network edge connectivity from the internet service provider (ISP) to an end-user of the internet services in the same way as DSL and fibre to the home (FTTH) provides. Cable...
What is VSAT?
VSAT is the abbreviation of Very small aperture terminal. It is important WAN technology for both home users and organizations; they needed connectivity in remote areas where there is no possibility of fiber optic, copper cable and microwave. It is the solution that creates a private WAN using satellite communications. A VSAT contains is a...
MPLS
MPLS is the abbreviation of Multiprotocol Label Switching. It is a WAN protocol that sends data from one router to another router, based on short path labels rather than IP network addresses. It was created from 1994 to 1999 as an alternative to Internet Protocol (IP) routing. It was the more effective alternative to multilayer switching...
Ethernet WAN
Ethernet was initially considered not suitable as a WAN access technology because of the maximum cable length supported was only up to a kilometre. However, newer Ethernet standards with fiber optic have made Ethernet an important WAN option. For example, the IEEE 1000BASE-ZX standard supports up to 70 km of distance. Ethernet WAN provides high-bandwidth...
What is ATM?
ATM is the abbreviation of Asynchronous Transfer Mode. It is using time-division multiplexing (TDM) for data communications. It is capable of transferring voice, video, and data through private and public networks. ATM is working on a cell-based architecture in place of frame-based architecture. The size of the Asynchronous Transfer Mode cell is fixed to 53...
What is Frame Relay? Exclusive Introduction
Frame relay is a packet-switching telecommunication service designed for interconnecting enterprise LANs. Being a student of networking, it is important that you know about all the emerging WAN technologies. To stay up-to-date with emerging and developing technologies, you may know the following alternate options available for WAN connectivity. Frame Relay Broadband DSL Broadband cable modem...